Camshaft is a crucial component in an internal combustion engine, responsible for controlling the timing and operation of the engine's intake and exhaust valves. Typically made from high-strength steel or cast iron, the camshaft is a cylindrical rod with strategically positioned cams (lobes) along its length. These cams convert the rotational motion of the camshaft into the reciprocating motion required to open and close the valves at precise intervals.